Integrated Water Resource Management
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Integrated Water Resource Management (IWRM) is a process that promotes coordinated management of water, land, and related resources to maximize economic and social welfare without compromising the sustainability of ecological systems. Unlike traditional water management techniques, which tend to focus on economic efficiency, IWRM takes a broad view that addresses so-called “triple bottom line” criteria, including social equity and environmental sustainability. IWRM relies on a long-term planning approach that considers both supply and demand side management techniques and hydrologic modeling tools while seeking to include stakeholders in the decision-making process. IWRM is a useful management tool in planning for climate change. In particular, IWRM is an effective tool through which to address climate change adaptation because it provides a structure that helps utility managers to explicitly account for interactions between different sub-sectors, establishes management priorities, considers institutional requirements, and addresses capacity issues. This helps water utility managers take a broad view of management activities, resulting in the identification of management solutions to adapt to climate variability.

Figure 1: IWRM Approaches
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IWRM Case Study – California Decision makers can encourage the use of IWRM among utility managers in a number of ways. For example, California is providing financial and technical assistance to water resource managers to aid in the development of IWRM plans that adequately adapt to climate change. California has developed standards for an effective IWRM that should be included in all plans by 2011 (California Department of Water Resources 2008).
Integrated Water Resource Management – Spain Spain’s National Water Plan Law includes provisions to incorporate climate change projections and the corresponding forecasted changes in water availability into management and planning activities at the town and utility level. Accordingly, river basin drought plans are being developed that provide guidance and protocols for coping with water stress. (European Environmental Agency 2007)
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